Monday, October 19, 2015

Pièce de Résistance

8/8/15 

Like India, there’s no such thing as waiting in line – you either push your way in to get what you want, or you get pushed out of the way by those who do. I think this must be a result of having such a high billion+ population. [NN: Before the Beijing Olympics the government put out a campaign to try and get Chinese to form lines, the other habit they have been trying to eradicate… spitting in public. Which is visible not just from young men but men and women of all ages.] With so many people vying for resources and space, it’s kind of an every man for himself mentality. Or, according to our guide, it’s just the result of growing up in the One Child Policy generation – everyone is in competition with each other and vying to be the best or get ahead or get more than the person next to you. I can’t count the number of small children and old ladies that have nearly knocked me over because I leave breathing space between me and the person in front of me, which they very quickly seize upon and fill. (No wonder I got so sick! With all the coughing, sneezing & spitting and over crowdedness, I didn't stand a chance against these free floating germs!) Add to that the sweat and stench of thousands of bodies crammed together in an unair-conditioned building in 90+ degree heat and you can start to imagine what it was like seeing the Terracotta Warriors. ;)

Museum Crowds

Nick finds Cat in the crowd
Emperor's Tomb Mound
Let me take you back: The first emperor of united China, Qin Shi Huang, ordered the construction of his own mausoleum at age 13 (in 246 BCE) immediately after his ascension to the throne. (He would later unite all warring states in 221 BCE.) In addition to the mausoleum, his necropolis included at least 4 pits (that’s how many have been discovered so far) filled with a life-sized, armed terracotta army and cavalry, as well as rooms of officials, artists and valuable artifacts to aid him in the afterlife. One mile from the pits lies the emperor’s tomb at the base of Mt. Li. The tomb mound has not been excavated, as the Chinese government refuses to disturb the sight until they have the technology to fully preserve it. (From the excavated pits, archaeologists can tell that the tombs were somehow hermetically sealed because, once exposed to air, the paint used and the silks wrapped around the figures faded and flaked off within seconds. Sadly.) This restraint seems unprecedented to me, given the archaeological and historical value of what must lie underneath! And what an amazing excavation it will be! Through historical records and whatever underground x-ray analysis they can do, archaeologists have determined that in addition to ceremonial terracotta figures buried with the emperor, there are also numerous valuables, food offerings, concubines (buried alive with him!), and (crazy of all crazy!) multiple rivers of liquid mercury: all to help guide/protect/provide for him in the afterlife. I told Nick we need to come back in 20 years & see what new treasures have been uncovered by then!
Pit 1
Pit 1
Pit 1

The Terracotta Army pits were discovered by a farmer who accidentally dug up some pottery shards in 1974. (We’re told that the farmer, now in his 80s, still sits outside the museum most days signing autographs. LOL. He wasn’t there this Saturday, though.) Since then, an estimated 8,000 warriors of various ranks, 130 chariots, 670 horses, numerous acrobats, strongmen, officials, and musicians have been uncovered under more than 2 millennia and 5m of time and sediment. It’s estimated that it took 700,000 artisans & laborers to design, carve, dig, and construct this giant necropolis. The warriors are life-size and distinctly detailed to portray the hairstyles and uniforms of each individual military rank. Each one was originally painted and lacquered, outfitted with metal weapons (swords, spears, arrows, etc.) – even the horses had brass bridals – and most amazingly, no two faces are the same! Each one of the 8,000 figures was hand-carved with a distinctly different face! AMAZING. Unfortunately, Pit 1 was significantly damaged millennia before it was excavated. It was destroyed (figures smashed and set on fire) and all valuables looted (metal weapons, brass fittings, etc.) by Xiang Yu, contender to throne after Qin Shi Huang’s death in 210 BCE. [NN: So really it was built over 30 years and destroyed only a few years after completion.]

Pit 1 Warriors
Pit 1 Warriors 
Pit 1 Warriors
Pit 1 Warriors

Pit 1 Warrior Close up
Pit 1 Warrior Restoration
Pit 1 Warrior Restoration
Pit 1 horses still under excavation
 But nevertheless, while the excavators and scientists have their work cut out for them, it was a spectacular sight to see. (My dad, the history buff, would have loved it.) Even with broken figures and partially excavated sections, just to picture the massive undertaking this once was and the skill represented in each of the figures is phenomenal. I could have spent hours there! Sadly, the group tour only gave us about 3 hours to view all 3 pits, a very 1980’s Monty Python-esque produced video on the history of the site, and a museum with the finer, highly restored pieces on display. The latter of which included one of each rank of warriors (some with spots of paint still visible!), salvaged weapons, and a fully restored brass miniature of the emperor’s carriage, complete with footman and 4 horses! It was worth this trip just to visit the site (if only we had more time!! Ah well). When you travel to historical places, people always claim they have the 8th wonder of the world but the Terracotta Army is by far one of the most outstanding and remarkable sites to fit that bill that I have seen. [NN: Don’t forget Angkor Wat and Machu Picchu!] It is without a doubt one of the most impressive and significant historical feats I have ever had the privilege to witness (If you are ever anywhere near China, I highly recommend making a point to go see this). And I still can’t get over just how OLD it is! I seriously don’t think I have ever experienced anything that comes close to being 2,200 years old!!

Mind. Blown.
Pit 2 Warriors Destroyed
Pit 2 Warriors Destroyed
Pit 2 Warriors & Chariot Wheel Imprint
Pit 3
Fully-restored Archer
Kneeling Archer Restored
Kneeling Archer Detail
Fully Restored General

Fully Restored Cavalry
Replica Bronze Chariot
Original Bronze Chariot
Crowd in front of Kneeling Archer

And if that wasn’t enough to pack into a single day, we headed back to Xi’an after the warriors to indulge in a traditional dumpling dinner (Yes, bring it!). Mmm, dumpling after tasty steamed, fried, and sweet dumpling! So. Good. (Yammy, Staci & Michelle: I would have made you proud ;) They even gave Nick his own vegetarian selection of dumplings (this would be the first meal that there wasn’t a beef option). After dinner we walked around the main square at night; even in the dark, Xi’an is a GORGEOUS city! I SO want to come back here and spend more time! There were tons of crowds playing and hanging out, which was really nice to see and experience in contrast to our normal suburban life. The highlight, however, may have been the discovery that most new parents in China don’t use diapers; instead, baby/infant clothes are built crotch & butt-less to allow for easy discharge and cleanup. This is now my new hobby: searching the crowd for evidence of buttless baby chaps to share with you as proof! [NN: The first one of these buttless onesies I saw, I thought how funny this kids ripped his pants. But then we saw more and realized it was no mistake.]

Dumpling Dinner
Nick enjoying dumplings
Mmmm, dumpling

Central Square
Such a pretty town!!
Xi'an Bell Tower

Are We There Yet? Are We There Yet?

8/8/15 

Today is the day I’ve been looking forward to the entire trip: Terracotta Warriors!!! But alas, one of the more tedious aspects of traveling with a tour group is that they have built in pre-designated high-end souvenir shopping into our itinerary. And we wouldn’t get to the ancient relics until later in the day. First, we had to stop by a lacquer furniture showroom (at least we found our trip picture frame!) and allow people time to browse and shop. It’s nice that the tour group has made arrangements with these places to give their customers discounts (and this is nothing new – we got a lot of this from our hired drivers in India as well), but come on already! I didn’t come here to shop and, as beautifully handcrafted as they may be, who in their right mind can afford $6,000 carpets and $20,000 inlaid credenzas?!  [NN: Hey we bought a picture frame at this stop so we can’t complain. We would have spent time on our own trying to find a picture frame anyway, which is the only souvenir we must buy in each trip to add to our collection. They are sometimes very hard to find and we saw nothing in Shanghai.]

I assume the tour company must get comments back from past customers that they got sick of all the Chinese food because this afternoon we were taken to eat lunch at a hotel that served a Western-style lunch. The only good thing I can say about this meal is at least the hotel had soap in their “happy room” (which is what our tour guide calls the restroom because he can’t understand why we call it what we do since you neither rest nor take a bath in it) – and since most toilets are just squat toilets, paper & SOAP were a rare luxury to find in the water closet. [NN: This was a 4 star very fancy hotel, and there is soap in all the fancy hotels we’ve been in. Funny note years back every hotel was trying to be a 5 star hotel in China to attract government business, but after the recession the Chinese government decided that they would show austerity by forbidding government officials from staying at 5 start hotels. Thus most of the hotels that were previously angling to be 5 stars now want to be 4 stars.]

No idea why this car was driving on the sidewalk...

The road blocks to the warriors continued as we got stuck for a couple hours in a ridiculously tight traffic jam on the way out to the site. Tour buses were literally vying for inches on the highway to get ahead of each other. It was dangerous and frustrating but thankfully the tour group typically builds in a couple hours break in between our last activity of the day and dinner; so the time we lost in traffic wouldn’t take away from our time at the warriors. So I relaxed and just passed out the whole time.
A note on driving in China: The car drivers are similar to those we’ve experienced in other SE Asian countries (though nothing compares to the death-defying, cow-swerving drivers in India). Everyone vies for whatever inch of road they can get regardless of what lane they’re in (those painted lines seem more of a suggestion than a hard, fast rule). Cars pass within inches of each other and there’s lots of rapid lane change and 5 cars trying to get into a single lane. There’s even a LEGAL u-turn lane from the middle lane; so this lane is 3rd from the right but crosses over 2 lanes to its left to make a uey. I am at a complete loss as to why this exists. [NN: Traffic is terrible, not India crazy but everyone tries to go at the same time in all the intersections. Thus really no one goes anywhere. Also, the roads are new and have a lot of lanes and people just walk into the traffic to cross and it is amazing to me how they are completely unfazed by the giant busses rolling inches from their face.]
Several of the older ladies in our tour group have been very vocal about the “dangerous” driving behavior of our drivers, but in all honestly, they need to relax. If this is the way people drive here, then the drivers obviously know what they’re doing and how to maneuver around what we see as chaos. Have faith that the locals, whose job it is to get us there safely, will do so if for no other reason than they get paid to.

It’s illegal for foreigners to drive in China without taking a lengthy driving test, which – while perhaps just a way to make money off tourists – makes sense. There’s no way with my Western driving skills that I could possibly understand how to maneuver around Chinese streets. So vacationers are almost guaranteed to need to hire a driver.


Well this is interesting...

But for Chinese locals, they too are subject to strict driving laws and test requirements. A commercial bus driver, like the one driving us around on the tour, is not allowed to apply for a specialty bus license until they have 10 years of driving experience on their record. Our guide told us that there are very few incidents of drunk driving in China because if you are caught driving under the influence, your license is taken away from you and you have to take/pay for the lengthy test all over again. And owning a car is NOT cheap! The cost of a car in China is exorbitant – with the import taxes and fees, a car can cost 3x more in China than it would in the US. So that affordable $15,000 car you can buy would cost someone in China $45K (or more) – not a small expense considering the average person in China makes 6x LESS than we do here in the US. So as you can imagine, only the upper middle class and above can afford a car in China, which – while a very small portion of the general population, considering there are 1.3 billion people there – is a rapidly growing sector of the population; hence, all of the increased car traffic and less and less bike or scooter traffic as in the past.

And just because you pass the driving test and you can buy a car doesn’t mean you actually get to drive it. In order to obtain a license plate in China, you must enter into a national lottery; our tour guide had entered 3 years in a row before his name was actually drawn. But if you happen to be a lucky winner, you better have a sizable next egg because the cost of the license itself is $12,000. Yup. If you want to drive a car in China, you have to pony up! We were curious as to why driving was so expensive in China; why should that lifestyle/activity be so costly. Apparently all of the money collected in taxes and fees is what is fueling the HUGE construction boom going on in China right now (which I alluded to early). So just think, we could solve all of our infrastructure problems here in the US if we just charged each driving citizen $12,000 to renew their car. ;P You may hate the DMV but seriously, it could be worse.

Hangin’ with the Locals

8/8/15 

Sadly, my attempts at containing my contagion have failed. Nick now has a full blown respiratory infection. Sorry, Tico! :o(  He was a trooper though; we didn’t have time to go to the pharmacy to get him some medication and he stuck it out all day.

Pagoda
Pagoda Detail
Us & pagoda

We started the morning at Xingqing Park to mingle with the locals and diverge a bit from the tourist track. Part of Gate 1’s mission is to impart some cultural wisdom on us, as well as the history part of the tour. So we were taken to the city park to see what current-day local life is like. We stopped by various dance troupes and exercise groups to join in and walk around the park. Nick and Julio (the 15 year old Mexican in our group) showed off their hacky sack/soccer skills with a group of older women who put us silly foreigners to shame. China’s largest age group is its senior citizens, for which retirement comes at age 60 (55 for women), at which point the government gives them a mandatory pension. So there are millions of retirees with nothing but leisure time on their hands. As such, it’s very common for large groups of friends/neighborhoods to get together in parks each day for 2-3 hours of early morning exercise (before young parents and families get there). So we saw lots of groups of people gathered around trees or any large open space practicing tai chi, sword dancing, singing, even whip skills! [NN: There was this big man, shirt off who was spinning a top using a long whip. Right in the middle to the park and his other whip friends looked on.] Our tour guide had us join in on a few of them, one of which was practicing group massage, and another line dancing troupe with live band that plays/dances continuously for 3 hours each day, that was clearly used to welcoming the crazy “big nose” foreigners (the local colloquial term for Westerners, since we tend to have a larger schnoz than the average Chinese) into their dance line. [NN: We had a blast joining the dance troups and the hackey sack grougs, and they seemed to love having Westerners join them. Indeed there was so much activity in the park, it looked like a great way for senior citizens to stay vital and socialize. Maybe I’ll move to China when I retire so I can enjoy that every day.]
Which, speaking of morphological differences, brings me to Nick’s height. He inevitably, hits his head on a lot of the doorways (which never ceases to entertain me) that were clearly not built to anticipate anyone over 6ft, and people are constantly telling him “watch your head, watch your head”. It’s almost as if we were back in Nepal as numerous wide-eyed, open-mouthed children have stopped to look up and gawk at him as he passes. Not to mention the nervous young man in Xingqing Park who did a double take as Nick passed him and then excitedly stopped him to take a picture with the towering white man. I’ve got a celebrity on my hands. [NN: Which I don’t really understand. In Nepal there were not many locals over 5’8” but in China, the young Chinese are often over 6’ (obviously shows stature is more nutrition than genetics) so there were lots of other people who were just an inch or two shorter than I. Of course, I am being hypocritical because I remember a time my Dad was talking to a friend who was taller than him and as a small child I called him a giant. Well he was only about an inch taller than my Dad and then I grew up to be about 1 inch taller than him. I guess in a height a small difference is huge.]

Nick playing hacky sack
Kids sliding down carving
Dance troupe
Dance troupe
Dancing Cat
Dancing Nick


Letter writing with water
The Famous Nick

A word on the air pollution: stepping out of the Shanghai airport was overwhelming. You could see the thick gray layer of what must be smog sitting on the horizon, but it was more the oppressive heat, humidity and smell (from I don’t know what) that hit you like a punch in the chest than anything else. In Xi’an, the visibility outside our hotel only extends a few blocks before everything in the distance is enveloped in a misty grayness. So yes, there is significant air pollution here. And yet it doesn’t seem to affect the locals at all. The images we see back home on the news of people walking around in face masks just isn’t the reality here. [NN: One thing that disappointed me is that when we flew across the country I was excited to see the Chinese landscape from above, however in every flight in the country the land was blanketed by a featureless sheet of grey fog that made it impossible to ever see the ground. This was consistent across three internal flights spanning thousands of miles. Could there really be smog everywhere?]

Xi'an Smog

Our tour guide is very sensitive to Western perceptions of China and continually stresses that we should not compare China to anything else. “China is China” he says. And to a degree, he’s right. You can’t really judge a place until being there. When asked about the pollution (which I’m sure he prepares for and anticipates on all of his tours), he asked us to look around and notice if we see anyone wearing masks. We do not. [NN: Well there were some but actually there were a lot more in Vietnam. Over there street vendors would sell them in all sorts of designer sytles. Not so much in China.] With the exception of a few women riding scooters, I have not seen anyone wearing a mask. So either they’re used to the pollution or to them it’s not bad at all. A situation that seems very similar to what (I’ve been told) L.A. has gone through over the last 3 decades or so. [NN: I wonder if LA was just as bad in the 80’s, but I suspect that China’s problem is bigger than LA’s was. But LA shows that the problem can be addressed and dramatically improved.] Even so, you can see the layer of smog across the sky and you most certainly notice its ABSENCE when you get further away from the city, as we did on the river. But the line I’ve heard about there being no blue sky in China because of the pollution isn’t real. There were some cloudy days, but there were also some sunny, blue sky days as well. So, so far, whatever level of pollution there is, it’s not a hindrance or really any concern to us at this point.

Tuesday, October 13, 2015

Cultural Sensitivity

8/7/15 

That afternoon, we visited “Muslim Street”, which is a small neighborhood that was settled by Muslims over a 1000 years ago (as merchants settled in town to make a living from the Silk Road) and now serves as a huge tourist stop due to its given moniker and the Western world’s oft-misplaced exoticism of all things Islamic. Which was quite apparent in the repeated questions and look of concern from the older French-Canadian woman in our group (who is earning an annoying reputation for her continuous, neurotic complaints about SO many things on this trip) and our tour guides repeated disclaimer that we were “only going to ‘Muslim Street’ to see the culture not the religion. Our being there has nothing to do with the religion”. Ugh.

Outside Muslin Street - KFC are the only English characters in the city

Entrance to Muslim Street
Muslim Street Crowds
Interestingly enough, because of the large immigration of all foreigners into China millennia ago to take advantage of the Silk Road, Xi’an was the first city in ancient China to be introduced to Islam. A large population of Chinese Muslims (the Hui ethnicity) still reside in Xi’an and I found our guide seemed to be incredibly sensitive to what I assume he must have felt was our Western fear/suspicion/wariness (?) of Muslims as he pointed out their faces. He repeatedly wanted us to notice that there was very little difference between the Hui and the majority of Chinese (Han) people: “You can see they look Chinese; they look just like everybody else except they’re Muslim.” (BTW, China has over 50 different ethnic minorities – no surprise, since the country covers such a large swath of land – but the Han are the vast ethnic majority with 92% of the population.) While I appreciate our guide’s sincere attempt at trying to make us Westerners (less than half our group is American) feel comfortable in this part of town while sharing a unique and historic culture with us, it made me cringe that he even had to make such a concerted effort – that we Westerners/Americans have such a bad/prejudiced/fear mongering reputation. [NN: The unnecessary mistrust of Muslims is not confined to Americans. Our Chinese guide was warning us because he held the mistrust just as much and the Australians seemed just as concerned as our French Canadian travel mate. Prejudice is not prejudiced and affects all.]

Traditional buildings
Traditional buildings
Traditional buildings
Doorway detail

Traditional tea house
Traditional buildings
Traditional buildings

Uncomfortable commentary aside, Muslim Street was just like any other crowded market district: wall to wall food stalls, ethnic and souvenir shops, stores for every random object imaginable and filled with lots of colorful people (both foreign and domestic). Did I mention the food stalls? There were TONS of food stalls! I was so tempted by all the fried seafood, myriad of breads and sweets, and who knows what else on display it was sooo hard not to stop and buy one of everything! But alas, in addition to avoiding tap water, I’ve been warned that China is not the place to try street food (no matter how tempting), and having just somewhat gotten over one serious malady, I was weary of potentially tempting fate with another one. Our guide did buy us all a persimmon cake to try, though. It was OK, nothing special.

Persimmon cakes
Naan-like bread
Fried squid & crabs
Candy makers
He pointed out a few other traditional food items of the Hui – of which BBQ seems to be a major component! – but nothing seemed too strange. Maybe that’s just because in the US, we have such a great influx and integration of immigrants and their cultures, which means we have delicious food from all over the world, and being a well know lover of food, I already eat so much of it that very little seems strange ;) Our guide did enjoy patting his ample belly and sharing with us a common Chinese saying that “the Han eat everything with 4 legs but the tables and everything with 2 ‘wings’ but airplanes”. He claims this is due to the great drought & famine across China in 1958-1961. (Remember the old warning from moms about cleaning your plate because people were starving in China?) Interestingly enough (though maybe not surprising), the Chinese government does allow any reference to the 1960s famine, but rather officially refers to it as the “Three Years of Natural Disasters”.
Nick is very happy to stop @ McDonalds for some fries!
Chinese Obama
Oba Mao - ha ha!
Random pig on the street
After checking out Muslim Street, we checked into a very nice hotel and I was so excited to have access to the internet again! I had tried to restart this blog on a second blog site before leaving Shanghai, but alas, even this site is now blocked as well – so no blogging until the trip is over (sorry, Mom). I’m not sure what loop hole I was able to get through in Shanghai to access that site, but either the hole closed or security/censorship measures changed over the last 4 days. Either way, the internet in China is pretty useless at this point. Even watching tv in the hotel room seems to be a highly calculated measure. They have CNN and some French channels on the hotels we’ve been in but Nick was told these channels not shown on regular Chinese television; they’re only provided in major hotels that are frequented by foreigners. There were also several separate occasions where we would be watching CNN and there would be a brief pause in the news feed and then it would jump ahead a few seconds (or maybe it was minutes?). At first, I just assumed this was a brief glitch in the feed (any maybe it was), but then when it happened repeatedly in different hotels, I started to wonder if CNN was being edited before it was being aired. [NN: Yes it definitely is.] And in all honesty, if they are so strict about censorship and what words/topics can or cannot be said in China, I was surprised that CNN was allowed to be shown anyway, because the Chinese government can’t stop CNN from reporting on controversial issues, especially when they concern China. Or can they…if they edit the feed before it’s shown….;)

Chinese orchestra

Tang Dynasty Theater Orchestra

That night we were treated to the Tang Dynasty dinner show. It was a Western style dinner (No family style portions, no lazy Susan; it wasn’t very good and the “beef” selection for Nick was just beef flavored tofu - YUCK) in a very fancy, gilded theater, followed by a visually stunning performance of Chinese dynastic history, as told through live music, beautiful costumes, and traditional dance. It was awesome! [NN: The show was impressive and we had great seats. Also they had these glazed cashew nuts covered with sesame seeds that were delicious. We each just got a few but I inquired about buying some more and the manager brought us out a big plate!]